How to check soil bearing capacity in construction site

Procedure: 

       (i) excavate a pit of required depth.

      (ii) take a iron cube or ball (whose                        dimension and weight are known)

     (iii) drop the cube or ball several times,                from known height on the excavate                pit.

     (iv) calculate the average value of the                    depth.


        R = (w×h)/d

Where
           R - ultimate resistance of soil in kg.

           d - average depth of impression in                         (cm).

          w - weight of solid ball or square cube                   in kg.
     
           h - height of fall ball of cube.


Example:
           Cube weight = 5 kg

          Height of fall = 150 mm

          Depth of impression - 9 cm,8.5 cm,6                                              cm,5 cm and 4 cm


Solution:- 

                  Average depth of impression
         d   = (9+8.5+6+5+4)/5 cm
              = 6.5 cm

         R  = (w×h)/d
              = (5×150)/6.5
              = 115.38 kg

Then, resistance of soil per unite area

               = R/A   kg/cm×cm

               = 115.38/(15×15)   kg/cm×cm
               = 0.51 kg/cm×cm


Safe bearing capacity of soil = R/(A×fos)

fos - resistance of soil per unite area reduce           2 to 3 times

 Safe bearing capacity of soil                                                    = 115.38/(15×15×2) kg/ cm×cm
                        = 0.256 kg/ cm×cm ans.
       

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